Profile of the body mass index and associated factors in active elderlies.

OBJECTIVE: Identifying the profile of Body Mass Index and associated factors in active elderlies. METHOD: This is an analytical type of research with cross-sectional design and quantitative approach, with sample represented by 105 elderly people. The research instrument consisted of Cognitive assessment, Sociodemographic data, Health conditions and Motor performance evaluation. The data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: The elderlies without partners have 7.753 times the chance of presenting excess weight when compared to those with partners. Having an income higher than a minimum wage represents 6.014 times the chance of being overweight. Not having health problems amounts to 0.015 times the chance of being overweight. In the motorperformance, not presenting limitation of balance represents 6.785 times the possibility of being affected by excess weight.

Profile of the body mass index and associated factors in active elderlies / Perfil do índice de massa corporal e fatores associados em idosos ativos / Perfil del índice de masa corporal y factores asociados en ancianos activos

ABSTRACT Objective : Identifying the profile of Body Mass Index and associated factors in active elderlies. Method: This is an analytical type of research with cross-sectional design and quantitative approach, with sample represented by 105 elderly people. The research instrument consisted of Cognitive assessment, Sociodemographic data, Health conditions and Motor performance evaluation. The data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression. Results: The elderlies without partners have 7.753 times the chance of presenting excess weight when compared to those with partners. Having an income higher than a minimum wage represents 6.014 times the chance of being overweight. Not having health problems amounts to 0.015 times the chance of being overweight. In the motorperformance, not presenting limitation of balance represents 6.785 times the possibility of being affected by excess weight.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar o perfil do Índice de Massa Corporal e os fatores associados em idosos ativos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo analítica com delineamento transversal e abordagem quantitativa, com amostra de 105 idosos. Método: O instrumento de pesquisa foi constituído de: Avaliação cognitiva, Dados sociodemográficos, Condições de saúde e Avaliação do desempenho motor. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise descritiva e regressão logística binária. Resultados: O idoso que não tem companheiro apresenta 7,753 vezes a chance de apresentar excesso de peso quando comparado ao idoso com companheiro. Possuir renda maior que um salário mínimo representa 6,014 vezes a chance de ter excesso de peso. Não apresentar problemas de saúde equivale a 0,015 vezes a oportunidade de ter excesso de peso. No desempenho motor não apresentar limitação do equilíbrio representa 6,785 vezes a possibilidade de ser acometido pelo excesso de peso.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar el perfil del índice de masa corporal y factores asociados en adultos mayores activo. Es un tipo de análisis de la investigación con diseño transversal y un enfoque cuantitativo con una muestra de 105 personas de edad avanzada. Método: El instrumento de investigación consistió en: la evaluación cognitiva, datos sociodemográficos, condiciones de salud y la evaluación del rendimiento del motor. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el análisis descriptivo y regresión logística binaria. Resultados: La persona de edad avanzada que no tiene compañero tiene 7.753 veces más probabilidades de tener exceso de peso en comparación con el viejo. Tener un ingreso mayor que el salario mínimo es 6.014 veces más probabilidades de tener sobrepeso. No tiene problemas de salud asciende a 0.015 veces la probabilidad de tener sobrepeso. El rendimiento del motor no presenta saldo de la limitación es 6.785 veces más propensos a ser afectados por el exceso de peso.

Repercussões do programa bolsa família na segurança alimentar e nutricional: um estudo de caso / Repercussions of bolsa família program on food and nutrition security: a case study / Repercusiones del programa bolsa familia en la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional: un estudio de caso

O Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) constitui uma das estratégias do Estado brasileiro para assegurar o direito humano à alimentação adequada, promover a segurança alimentar e nutricional e contribuir para a construção da cidadania da população socialmente vulnerável. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar os impactos do PBF quanto aos aspectos de segurança alimentar e nutricional. Trata-se de estudo transversal de base populacional. A população de estudo foi composta por 28.774 famílias beneficiárias residentes no município de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. A amostra constituiu-se de 230 famílias e usou-se como referência o mês de outubro de 2014. Os resultados apontaram para a emergência de melhores perspectivas para o futuro, mitigando as situações de pobreza para acesso a melhores condições de vida. A pesquisa visualizou também elaborações que levam ao questionamento das reais possibilidades da superação da pobreza, uma vez que as situações de carência e vulnerabilidade social e a experiência com os serviços públicos precários, com ênfase para Assistência Social, Saúde e Educação, demandam ações mais estruturadas, que superem a esfera de um programa de renda mínima. Concluiu-se que os impactos do PBF, mesmo evidenciando maior prevalência de insegurança alimentar moderada ou severa, ressaltou que algumas famílias, mesmo em extrema pobreza, conseguiram manter-se em segurança alimentar, denotando também que o programa pode contribuir mais efetivamente para o bem-estar nutricional dos beneficiários, quando combinado com outras ações de políticas públicas.

Bolsa Família Program constitutes one of Brazilian State strategies for ensuring the human right to adequate food, promoting food and nutrition security, and contributing to the social construction of citizenship of the vulnerable population. The objective of this study is to investigate the impacts of Bolsa Família Program on the aspects of food and nutrition security. This is a cross-sectional population-based study. The study population consisted of 28,774 beneficiary families living in Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia. The sample comprised 230 families and used as reference the month of October 2014. The results highlighted the emergence of better prospects for the future, mitigating poverty situations to access healthier living conditions. The research also visualized elaborations which lead to the questioning of the real possibilities of overcoming poverty, since the situations of need and social vulnerability and the experience with poor public services with emphasis on Social Welfare, Health, Education, demand more structured actions that exceed the sphere of a minimum income program. In conclusion, the impacts of Bolsa Família Program, even showing a higher prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity, pointed out that some families, even in extreme poverty, were able to maintain food security, also denoting that the program can contribute more effectively to the nutritional well-being of the beneficiaries when combined with other public policy actions.

El Programa Bolsa Familia constituye una de las estrategias estatales brasileñas para garantizar el derecho humano a la alimentación adecuada, promover la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional y contribuir para la construcción de la ciudadanía de la población socialmente vulnerable. El objetivo de este estudio es investigar el impacto del Programa Bolsa Familia en los aspectos de seguridad alimentaria y nutricional. Tratase de un estudio transversal de base poblacional. La población del estudio consistió en 28.774 familias beneficiarias residentes en la ciudad de Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia. La muestra comprendió 230 familias y fue utilizado como referencia el mes de octubre de 2014. Los resultados apuntan a la emergencia de mejores perspectivas para el futuro, mitigando las situaciones de pobreza para acceder a mejores condiciones de vida. La investigación también visualizó elaboraciones que llevan al cuestionamiento de las posibilidades reales de superación de la pobreza, ya que las situaciones de necesidad y vulnerabilidad social y la experiencia con los servicios públicos precarios, con énfasis en Bienestar Social, Salud y Educación, exigen más acciones estructuradas que excedan el ámbito de un programa de ingreso mínimo. Concluyóse que los impactos del Programa Bolsa Familia, aunque evidenciando mayor prevalencia de inseguridad alimentaria moderada o severa, subrayó que algunas familias, incluso en extrema pobreza, lograron mantenerse en seguridad alimentaria, denotando, también, que el programa puede contribuir más efectivamente para el bienestar nutricional de los beneficiarios, cuando combinado con otras acciones de políticas públicas.

Diagnóstico da segurança alimentar e nutricional dos beneficiários do programa Bolsa Familia, Vitória da Conquista (BA) / Diagnosis of the food and nutritional security of the beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família program, Vitória da Conquista (BA)

Dessa forma, esta pesquisa buscou desvelar os impactos do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) nas condições de segurança alimentar e nutricional dos beneficiários alocados no município de Vitória da Conquista (BA). Estudo de delineamento transversal sobre segurança alimentar e nutricional dos beneficiários do PBF, Vitória da Conquista (BA), no período de setembro a dezembro de 2015. (AU)

Análise radiográfica para estimativa de idade utilizando o método demirjian em uma população do nordeste do brasil / Radiographic analysis to age estimation using demirjian method in a population of Northeast Brazil

A estimativa da idade é um elemento importante na investigação odontolegal, sendo o método Demirjianet al. (1973) um dos mais difundidos para estimar a idade dental. Diversos estudos foram realizados comeste método, entretanto, poucos são os estudos de impacto realizados na população brasileira até o presente momento. Neste sentido, este trabalho objetivou estimar a idade dental aplicando o métodoDemirjian et al. (1973) em uma cidade no nordeste do Brasil. Para isso, foram analisadas 300 radiografiaspanorâmicas de pacientes com idade entre 3 e 18 anos, obtidas a partir do arquivo digital de um institutode radiologia. Os resultados indicam uma forte correlação entre a idade cronológica - IC - (11, 683 anos) ea idade dental - ID - (11,667 anos) quando da aplicação do método Demirjian et al. (1973). A exatidãomédia (EM) comparou ID e IC de acordo com os gêneros, mostrando que, em ambos os sexos, as IC e IDsão compatíveis. Para o gênero feminino, nas idades de 5, 7, 8, 13 e 14 anos houve um maior percentualde coincidência entre a ID e a IC. Para o gênero masculino, nas idades de 3, 7, 8, 9 e 12 anos obteve-seo maior percentual de coincidência entre a ID e a IC. Assim, observa-se que é viável a utilização dométodo para estimar a idade na população desta região amostrada. Contudo, por ser o Brasil um paísmiscigenado, novos estudos devem ser realizados.

Estimating dental age is an important asset on forensic dentistry, and Demirjian et al. method (1973) havebeen one of the most recurrent mechanisms to reach this finality. A variety of studies regarding Demirjianet al. (1973) method have taken place so far, however very few of them were precise to determine thesubject in Brazilian populations. To this end, the purpose of the present study was estimating dental ageby applying Demirjian et al. method (1973) in a northeastern population of Brazil. To fulfil this goal,panoramic radiographs of 300 people, between the age of 3 and 18 were obtained from a digital archive ofa radiology institute and analysed. The results indicate a strong correlation between chronological age CA(11, 683 years) and dental age DA (11,667 years), when applying Demirjian et al. method (1973). Theaverage accuracy compared CA and DA according to gender, revealing both male and female to becompatible between these rates.The highest compatibility rate between CA and DA was found amongmales aged from 3, 7, 8, 9 and 12, as well as among females aged from 5, 7, 8, 13 and 14. In brief,Demirjian et al. (1973) method has proved to be a viable technique to estimate dental age in theaforementioned population. However, since Brazil is well-know for its miscegenation, new studies shall beencouraged.

Lip cancer and pre-cancerous lesions harbor TP53 mutations, exhibit allelic loss at 9p, 9q, and 17p, but no BRAFV600E mutations.

Molecular mechanisms of lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and actinic cheilitis (AC) are unclear. We aimed at assessing loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and TP53 and BRAF V600E mutations in these lesions. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of 17 LSCC and 16 AC were included, with additional 5 fresh LSCC genotyped for TP53 mutations. LOH was assessed by six polymorphic markers located at 9p22, 9q22, and 17p13 and correlated with cell proliferation (Ki-67) and P53 immunostaining. Direct sequencing of TP53 exons 2-11 (fresh samples), and exons 5-9 (FFPE samples) was carried out. BRAF V600E mutation was genotyped in eight LSCC. LOH occurred in at least one marker in 15/17 LSCC and in 9/16 AC. The marker exhibiting the highest frequency of allelic loss (FAL) in LSCC was D9S157 (8/12 informative cases) and D9S287 in AC (4/11 informative cases). Cell proliferation was not correlated with LOH or with the FAL and no correlation between P53 IHC and 17p LOH was observed. We found TP53 missense mutations in both lesions and nonsense in LSCC, including CC>TT transition, which is a marker of UV damage. BRAF V600E mutation was not detected. LOH and TP53 mutations detected in LSCC and AC may be associated with tumorigenesis, whereas BRAF V600E mutation does not seem to significantly contribute to LSCC pathogenesis.

STAG2 expression in oral cancer and potentially malignant lesions.

Oral cancer is a world health problem, and one of the highest incidence rates of oral cancer worldwide occurs in Brazil. STAG2 is part of the cohesin complex which is responsible for sister chromatid cohesion. STAG2 loss of expression was reported in a range of tumors, and STAG2 loss was found to cause chromosomal instability and aneuploidy in cancer cells. On the basis of these findings, we investigated STAG2 expression in oral cancer and potentially malignant lesions. We investigated STAG2 immunoexpression in oral cancer, lip cancer, oral leukoplakia, and actinic cheilitis, including complete clinical information. Normal oral mucosa samples were included as normal controls. STAG2 protein was highly expressed in all samples. We further tested STAG2 expression in gastric adenocarcinomas and glioblastomas, as these tumor types were previously shown to lose STAG2 expression. We found homogenous expression of STAG2 by these tumor cells. Our results suggest that STAG2 loss of expression is not a common event in oral carcinogenesis.

Percepção da dor na Implantodontia: análise comparativa entre as técnicas cirúrgicas tradicional e guiada: estudo clínico duplo-cego split-mouth / Pain perception on Implantology: comparative analysis between traditional and guided surgical techniques: a double-blind, split-mouth clinical trial

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a percepção da dor de pacientes durante e após submeterem-se a cirurgia convencional e guiada na Implantodontia; 80 pacientes (35 homens, 40 mulheres – idades entre 20 e 70 anos) com necessidade bilateral de implantes na maxila ou na mandíbula foram selecionados dentro de critérios predeterminados. As cirurgias foram todas realizadas no período da manhã, pelo mesmo operador. Os questionários de dor de McGill e CD-10 Borg foram usados nas avaliações, 20 minutos e uma semana após a cirurgia por outro profissional não presente na cirurgia. As próteses definitivas foram instaladas após dois meses. Exames tomográficos de feixe cônico também foram solicitados para avaliação da posição final dos implantes. Os resultados mostraram que os melhores escores foram obtidos para a cirurgia guiada utilizando-se ambos os questionários para os dois períodos de avaliação. Entretanto, os pontos negativos dessa técnica (cirurgia guiada) precisam ser levados em consideração.

The aim of this study was to evaluate pain perception after and at early postoperative period (one week) for patients underwent to conventional and guided surgical procedures for implant placement. Eighty patients (35 men, 40 women, ages between 20 and 70 years-old) with bilateral indication for maxillary or mandibular implants were selected according to pre-determined criteria. All surgeries were performed on morning by the same operator. The McGill´s and Borg pain Questionnaires were applied 20 minutes and one week after surgeries by another professional not involved on surgical procedures. The definitive prostheses were installed two months later. CBCT scans were made to evaluate final implant positioning. The results revealed that the best scores were provided with guided surgery for both Questionnaires and in both evaluation periods. However, clinicians must consider negative issues regarding guided surgery procedures.

Analysis of ECOG performance status in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients: association with sociodemographical and clinical factors, and overall survival.

PURPOSE: In the present study, we analyzed sociodemographical and clinical factors, and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) scale in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. We evaluated the impact of a range of variables on overall survival. METHODS: We investigated a sample of HNSCC patients (n = 671), using sociodemographical and clinical information, and survival data collected from a review of epidemiological, clinical, and treatment reports. Statistical associations were analyzed by bivariate and multivariate statistical tests. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Of patients 85.4% recorded good ECOG-PS scores. Poor ECOG-PS scores were associated with the covariates indicative of dysphagia [odd ratios (OR) = 2.660, CI 95% = 1.661­4.260, p = 0.000] and large-size malignant disease (T3­T4; OR = 5.337, CI 95% = 2.251­12.652, p = 0.000). Overall survival analysis revealed that ECOG-PS scores (OR = 1.879, CI 95% = 1.162­3.038, p = 0.010), tumor size (OR = 1.665, CI 95% = 1.035­2.680, p = 0.036), and the presence of cervical metastasis (OR = 3.145, CI 95% = 2.008­4.926, p = 0.000) were independent predictors. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of physical consumption in head and neck cancer patients at diagnosis may indicate a more aggressive type of malignant disease. Thus, the ECOG-PS scale may help to identify HNSCC patients in need of rapid referral, who may benefit from specific therapeutic and rehabilitative interventions.

Association of -308 TNF-α promoter polymorphism with clinical aggressiveness in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Genetic polymorphisms in the promoter region of the tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene are involved in the regulation of the expression levels of its cytokine. Besides, these polymorphisms have been associated with the clinical behaviour of cancer. We investigated the -308 promoter region polymorphisms of the TNF-α gene and its association with the clinicopathological factors of a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) sample. Furthermore, we analysed the impact of all the variables on the overall survival of patients. A sample of HNSCC (n=89) was evaluated. Clinicopathological factors and overall survival data were gathered. The TNF-α gene was analysed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Data analyses were performed by using bivariate and multivariate statistical tests. Significance was set at p<0.05. HNSCC subjects carrying the A allele (GA/AA) exhibited associations with poor performance status (OR=2.82, p=0.039), lesions located on posterior areas (OR=4.02, p=0.002), and large-size tumours (OR=2.91, p=0.015). Subjects carrying only AA genotype exhibited association with poor performance status (OR=6.667, p=0.007). A worse overall survival was noted in subjects with large tumours (OR=4.87, p=0.005) and locoregional metastatic disease (OR=2.50, p=0.018). Our data suggests that the presence of the A allele/AA haplotype in HNSCC individuals might contribute to the higher clinical aggressiveness of malignant disease.